Europeans dominate Triple Iron Ultra-Triathlon

European dominance in Triple Iron ultra-triathlons from 1988 to 2011 Since 1988, ultratriathlons have been held over the triple Ironman distance of 11.4 km swimming, 540 km cycling and 126.6 km. So far, 1,258 athletes participated in such a competition, with 85.6% of the starters from Europe. Although Americans invented the triathlon, Europeans dominate the long triathlon routes.

Europeans have the faster times as opposed to the Americans and have improved their performance over the years. The work is published in https://www.researchgate.net/publication/281758157_European_dominance_in_Triple_Iron_ultra-triathlons_from_1988_to_2011

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Swim women faster than men in the extreme pond?

SEX DIFFERENCE IN OPEN-WATER ULTRA-SWIM PERFORMANCE IN THE LONGEST FRESHWATER LAKE SWIM IN EUROPE Certain studies are of the opinion that they are approaching women more and more of men’s performance, especially for stress forms such as swimming where specific aspects such as body fat can influence performance. We have analyzed the competition readings of the ‘Zürichsee swim’ from Rapperswil to Zurich over 26.4 km from 1987 to 2011.Generally, both the finishers like the winners were getting older during swimming times were not faster. For the winners, the men with 403 ± 43 min were more and more faster than women at 452 ± 63 min during the time of all finishers between men (530 ± 39 min) and women (567 ± 71 min) was not different.The performance difference of ~11.5% between men and women remained unchanged over the 25 years of competition.

Comparison marathon runners against 100 km runners

Similarities and differences in anthropometry and training between recreational male 100-km ultra-marathoners and marathoners. For 100 km runners, the marathon best time is a highly significant variable for the 100 km time.We now asked ourselves the question of whether marathon runners regarding physique and training are similar to 100 km runners.It turned out that marathon runners had little differences in skin fold thicknesses. For both groups of runners, a deep body fat was important for a quick runtime. The marathon runners invested significantly less time training and ran faster in training as the 100 km runners. The details of the study are under https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22724447/

Connal body weight and running speed over 100 km

A faster running speed is associated with a greater body weight loss in 100-km ultra-marathoners. Generally, it is known that slow marathon runners drink more and tend to tend to hyponatemia. Furthermore, there is the opinion that it has to prevent dehydration with a perseverance burden due to a lot of drinking.Ultralauf seem to tackle something different. At 219 100 km runners showed that the fast runners drank more than the slow runners, a lower liquid supply to a decrease in body weight and the runners obviously ran faster when the body weight is accepted.

Liquid and electrolyte household at ultra skills

Regulation of Electrolyte and Fluid Metabolism in Multi-stage Ultra-Marathoners. We have studied at ‘Swiss Jura Marathon’ if the prevalence of the stress-associated hyponatremia is higher than in a simple ultra-based.The prevalence of hyponatremia was not higher than other ultra-rural. The course of sodium excretion in the urine could indicate that the stress-associated hyponatremia could come about by a hormonal dysregulation as a fluid overload. The abstract to the study can be found under https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22638835/

Change of feet at multilayer

The foot in multistage ultra-marathon runners: experience in a cohort study of 22 participants of the Trans Europe Footrace Project with mobile MRI. Radiologists have examined with a mobile MRI the feet of runners at the 2009 trans-Europa run over 4,487 km. The diameter of the Achilles tendon increased significantly.Also, there was a detectable edema of the feet.

Surprisingly non-finishers developed a more pronounced edema of feet as finishers. All details can be read below https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22619270/

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Body weight and speed over 100km

Body Mass Change and Ultraendurance Performance: A Decrease in Body Mass Is Associated With an Increased Running Speed in Male 100-km Ultramarathoners. Generally, there is the opinion that you have to drink as much as possible in endurance charges, so you do not dehydrate.In particular, the dehydration, expressed as a decrease in body weight, should restrict performance. In ultra skills over 100 km, the situation seems to be a bit different.The fast runners drink more than the slow runners, probably because they are supported by a crew.The increased fluid supply but does not lead to a weight gain resp.Stabilization of the weight.

Controlled diet improves performance

A scientific nutrition strategy improves time trial performance by ≈6% when compared with a self-chosen nutrition strategy in trained cyclists: a randomized cross-over study. In a laboratory study, we have examined whether a controlled delivery of food improves performance over the own strategy of athletes. If the athletes got the food checked according to schema, the performance in a time trial after a permanence burden was significantly improved while the athletes who nourished on their own fists, poor sections. The study can be found under https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22587540/

Mastertriathletes and their IRONMAN performance

Master triathletes have not reached limits in their Ironman triathlon performance. We examined the performance development of the finishers between 18 and 64 years at the, Ironman Switzerland ‘from 1995-2010. If the times of 1995-2010 were divided into intervals of 4 years (1995-1998, 1999-2002, 2003-2006, and 2007-2010), the Masterathlets (over 40 years) have increased by 23% every 4 years,28%, 37% and 48%.In addition, they have continuously improved in swimming, cycling, running, and for the entire route. It can be assumed that the Masterathlets will continue to improve their performance over the next few years. All details below https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22582950/