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Screening of possible unwanted events in the ultramarathon

Pre-race screening and stratification predicts adverse events - a 4-year study in 29585 ultramarathon entrants, SAFER X. The screening before the race and risk tetratization in endurance athletes can predict unwanted events during a race. To determine if screening predicts unwanted events before the race and risk tetrativity during a race. 29585 participants (male 71.1%, average age = 42.1 years; Female 28.9%, average age = 40.2 years) In the ultra-marathon race ‘Two Ocean’s’ (56 km) filled out a medical screening questionnaire before the race and were made before theRace divided into four specified groups as very high risk (existing cardiovascular disease 3.2%), high risk (risk factors for cardiovascular diseases 10.5%), medium risk (existing other chronic disease, medication attraction 53.3%) and low risk(33.0%). Starters, finishers and medical contacts were recorded.The DNS rate (not started) (per 1000 participants not started), the DNF rate (per 1000 starters, not finished), the rate of unwanted events \ [per 1000 starters, which were also started DNF or oneMedical intervention had ] and the rate of medical contacts (per 1000 starter with a medical encounter) were compared by risk categories. Unwanted events were significantly higher at the very high risk (68.9) (per 1000 starter) than at low risk (51.3).The DNA rate differed significantly between the mean risk and low risk (207.4).The DNF rates did not differ in very high risk compared to the low risk (44.2), and the rate of medical contacts did not differ between the risk categories, but the very high risk of significance compared to low risk (6.9).

How do you feel during an ultramarathon in the Arctic?

The examination of mental toughness, sleep, mood and injury rates in an Arctic ultra-marathon There are hardly any research that examines the physiological and psychological impact of ultra race on athlete under extreme conditions. The purpose of the study was to identify frequent injury patterns and diseases, mood states and sleep patterns and finally to examine the relationships between mental load capacity, sleep, mood and injury rates during a three-day Arctic ultra-marathon over 120 miles. Twelve participants (3 women, 9 men) With an average age of 42 ± 5.35 years participated in the study.The mental state was measured using the MT18 questionnaire. Injuries were clinically assessed every day and recorded. The temperatures were between -20 and -6 degrees Celsius throughout the race.Sleep duration and mood were recorded with the brums questionnaire. 10 The 12 participants suffered injuries.Almost half of the participants had injuries that are over several days. The average sleep duration over the three days was 4.07 hours with an average of 0.78 injuries per day. During the three days, significant mood changes were determined, in particular a reduction in vitality and an increase in fatigue.Neither the sleep amount nor the spiritual resilience correlated with the injury rate. Interestingly, the sleep amount did not hood with mood swings.The mental hardness correlated moderate negative with depression, reduced anger, confusion, increased force and tension during the race.

The 100 km run from Biel between 1956 and 2019

Participation and Performance Trends in the Oldest 100-km Ultramarathon in the World The trends of participation and performance at the ultramarathon show showed an increase in the participants and improving performance for large records and long periods. However, the decades of analysis of ultramarathons is missing.These trends were analyzed for 96'036 athletes (88'286 men and 7'750 women) from 67 countries, which at the ‘100 km run Biel’ in Switzerland, the oldest 100 km ultramarathon in the world, the oldest 100 km long ultramarathon in the worldwent the start. In all years more men participated as women.The number of male participants reached a climax around 1985 and then there was a decline in participation.Women began in 1962 with the competition. The men were getting faster than the women and both the women as well as men improved their terms over the years. After about 1985, both women and men as well as female and male winners could not improve the maturities. For men, the athletes of all age groups reached a climax of participation in the 1980s under the age of 49 and have been a decline since then. In terms of age groups, the decline initially began in the age group of 20 to 29 years, followed by 30 to 39, 40 to 49, 50 to 59 and 60 to 69 years.For the athletes in the age groups 70-79 and 80-89 years ago no acceptance occurred.For the women, age group athletes increased their participation in age groups 40-49, 50-59 and 60-69 years, while age groups 20-29 and 30-39 reached and started their climax at the end of the 1980s.stabilize. Switzerland, Germany and France were the countries with the highest number of participants in the history of the race.In the men, the maturities slowed for most nationalities after about 1990;Only runners from Germany seemed to stabilize their performance.In women, runners from Italy, France and Austria improved their performance over the years.

World record over 5x and 10x Ironman in women

Pacing and Performance Analysis of the World’s Fastest Female Ultra-Triathlete in 5x and 10x Ironman The aim of the present case study was to analyze the performance of the world’s best ultra-triathletin, which set up a new world record in Quintuple Iron (5xironman) and Deca Iron (10xironman). At the time of her world record in Quintuple Iron, she was 35 years old and at the time of the world record in the Deca Iron 36 years old. The distribution of time spent in the individual disciplines and transition zones was 8.48% for swimming, 51.67% in cycling, 37.91% during running and 1.94% in the change zones. There was no difference between the individual race days of average speed, neither when cycling nor running. The running pace varied within a day larger than the bicycle pace and also varied between the race days stronger.

The femoropatellar joint at ultra skills

Femoropatellar Joint Reaction Detected During a 4486 KM Ultramarathon with Mobile MRI Almost nothing is known about the condition of the knee joints during and after a multi-stap running. This is the first image-based examination of the femoropatellar joint using a mobile 1.5-TMRT, which has accompanied the 64 stages of the transseurope foot race over 4486 km. Twenty-four (20 male) subjects received a knee MRI according to the protocol during defined measuring intervals during the transseurope foot-RACE. In the femoropatellar joint, 12 different regions were evaluated with regard to changing the cartard thickness and cartilaments during the transseurope foot-RACE and, if necessary, a test for possible influencing factors such as running load, BMI, age performed. During the trans-internal foot race, no significant changes in the cartoon edges of the T2 values were found. At 8 runners at least one individual cartilage (degree 2-3) was found at the beginning of the study, but no significant changes or progress of the defects could be detected.

Youthful ultra

Participation and Performance Analysis in Children and Adolescents Competing in Time-Limited Ultra-Endurance Running Events UltraMarathon runs are popular in the adult population increasing popularity, especially due to Masterathlen, which are older than 35 years. Teenagers runners under 19, however, take part in ultramarathons, and an increase was observed at distanced runs.However, there are no data on temporary ultramarathons in this age group. This study examined the participation and performance trends with time-limited ultramarathons, including multi-day events, under runners under 19 years. Between 1990 and 2018, the most popular events recorded a total of 214 places for 6-hour runs, 247 for 12-hour runs and 805 for 24-hour runs. The majority of athletes came from Europe and North America.Only a minority participated in multi-day ultramarathons. Overall, the speed increased with age, but the running speed decreased over all years for 6- and 24-hour runs with increasing number of participants.

Compared 10 km, half marathon and marathon

Number of finishers and performance of age group women and men in long-distance running: comparison among 10km, half-marathon and marathon races in Oslo. The aim of the present study was to examine the number of finishers and their performance trends at 10 km, half marathon and marathon races in Oslo. The data (a total of 115'725 participants; Women, N = 50'595; Men, N = 65'130) of 10 km, half marathon and marathon race in Oslo from 2008 to 2018 were considered taking into account number, gender, age and running speedthe participant analyzes. The total ratio of men to women was the smallest in the 10 km race and the largest in the marathon.Both the women and men, the slowest running speed was achieved in the older age groups. Based on the results of the present study, it was concluded that relatively more women completed a 10 km and less a half marathon and a marathon.

Teenagers swimmer and their performance comparison

Sex differences in youth elite swimming The time and the extent of sexual differences in sporting performance during early human development before adulthood are unknown. The idea of this study was the comparison of the swimming speed of boys and girls for all freestyle swimming events to determine the age of divergence of swimming performance. The 100 best US freestyle swimming times of boys and girls aged 5 to 18 years for the 50 m to 1500 m were collected. The swimming performance improved with increasing age for boys and girls to reach a plateaus that used in girls (15 years) in a younger age than in boys (17 years). Before the age of 10, the top 5 swimming recorder for girls were 3% faster than for the top boys. For places 10 to 50, however, there were no gender differences in the swimming benefit before the age of 10.For both the top 5 and 10th to 50th place, the gender performance difference increased from 10 years to the 17th year of life. For everyone, the gender-specific performance difference at the age of 18 was greater in the sprints (9.6%, 50-200 m) than in the long distances (7.1%, 400-1500 m). In addition, the sexual performance difference over the age and US ranking increased from 2.4% to the first place to 4.3% for the 100th place, indicating a lower power density in the girls than the boys. The annual participation, however, was the girls for all ages in the girls than in the boys. The top 5 girls showed faster swimming speeds and the girls on the 10th to 50th place showed similar swimming speeds like the boys (up to \ ~ 10 years). After the tenth year of life, however, the boys showed increasingly faster swimming speeds until the age of 17 as the girls.

The heart of the runners at the Spartatlon

Exploring the determinants of the cardiac changes after ultra-long duration exercise: The echocardiographic Spartathlon study The idea of this study was the study of the pathophysiological determinants of heart changes after an extremely long burden. 27 runners who had finished a 246 km long race were examined both before and after the end of the race.The investigations included echocardiography and the measurement of body weight as well as biochemical blood parameters. The barrel increased the thickness of the left ventricular end-diastolic interventricular septum (LVIVSD) and the thickness of the rear wall (LVPWTD) and the right ventricular end-diastolic pressure, while the systolic excursion of the tricuspidal ring plane (tapes) was reduced. A slight decrease in the absolute peak values of both the left ventricle (from -20.9 ± 2.3% to -18.8 ± 2.0%) and the right ventricle (from -22.9 ± 3.6% -21.2 ± 3.0%) could be detected.Global longings occurred. There was a decrease in body weight and an increase in both the circulating highly sensitive troponin I as well as the Pro-B type amino-terminal natriuretic peptide (NT-probnp). The change of the sum of LVIVSD and LVPWTD correlated negative with the percentage change in body weight. The only independent determinant for NT-probnp after training was the systolic pressure of the pulmonary artery.NT-Probnp after training correlated positively with the percentage changes in the right ventricular diameter of Basal (RVBAS) and center of the heart cavity (RVMID) and negative with percentage changes of tapes. Similar correlations with RVBAS, RVMID and tapes were found for systolic pressure of the lung artery. The highly sensitive troponin I after training correlated negatively with the percentage change of the body weight, but was associated with no cardiac parameter.